Essay on Importance of Nothing in Shakespeares King Lear

Importance of Nothing in William Shakespeares King Lear The Tragedy of King Lear has many important themes. One major theme concerns nothing. The main focus around the discussion of nothing is that nothing is a many things. Nothing is what binds everything. The first mention of nothing is when King Lear asks his daughters to profess how much they love him. The eldest daughters shower compliments upon him tickling his ears. Yet the Lears favorite daughter Cordelia will only speak the truth. When asked what she can say to gain her a portion of land better than her sisters, she replies, Nothing, my Lord (1.1. ) He exclaims, Nothing! (1.1. ) and she responds, Nothing (1.1. ). Lears answers, Nothing will come of†¦show more content†¦Then he asks Lear, Can you make no use of nothing, nuncle (1.4. )? This question should prod Lear to think of his earlier mistake of making a big ordeal out of Cordelias nothing. Ironically he responds, nothing can be made out of nothing (1.4. ), echoing what he said to Cordelia in 1.1. The Fool then tells Kent to tell him so much the rent of his land comes to (1.4. ). The answer to this, of course, would be nothing. The King has given all his land to Goneril and Regan. After Goneril walks into the room, he tells Lear thou art an O without a figure (1.4. ). An O without a figure would be a zero. Thus the Fool tells Lear that he is nothing. He continues by saying straightforwardly, I am a Fool, thou art nothing (1.4. ). Remarks like this provide ample opportunity for Goneril to rebuke Lear for having an all licensd Fool (1.4. ). In addition, the Fool calls Lear a sheald peascod (1.4. ). This is another way of saying he is empty. He is nothing. These remarks provide a theme continuing throughout the story. The main theme is that nothing is what binds everything together. If Cordelia had not responded nothing then the King would be happy. He would have moved in with Cordelia and she would have supported him. Moreover, Cordelia would have kept her portion and would have married the Duke Burgundy. Thus, her nothing changed everything. In addition, this nothing gives the play comic relief. The FoolShow MoreRelatedLear and Family Essay973 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Family Family is what defines ones character and identity. Shakespeares tragic play, King Lear, presents a ruling family and how its members relationships affect one another. The crumbling relationship between King Lear and his daughters exemplifies his struggle to maintain his role in his family and his identity within the state. Lear explains that human nature is marked by a desire for more than just the necessities one already has. Lear needs more than theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s King Lear971 Words   |  4 PagesKing Lear Exam Question In all genres there are stereotypical elements. 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It is necessary for these interpretations to be made and adapted in order for â€Å"King Lear† to have relevance within the context of the society. Each interpretation of the text extracts and concentrates on certain ideas, issues, themes, values of the play, altering the way the play is received amongst audiences and critics. Shakespeares tragedy King Lear can be interpreted inRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s King Lear1564 Words   |  7 Pageslaugh-invoking comedies or his heart-wrenching tragedies, Shakespeare’s plays have changed the course of literature. Many of his plays about love are widely praised by all, but Shakespeare s King Lear differs from the rest due to its definition of love. King Lear serves as an battleground between deception and compassion, between flattery and honesty. Rather than focusing on romantic love, such as in Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare in King Lear explores the boundaries of filial love, a bond between a

In What Ways Does The Character Of Othello Conform to Literary Tradition Of The Tragic Hero Free Essays

Othello is one of Shakespeare’s most famous tragedies entwined with death, hate and deceit. It tells the story of a well respected and admired war hero, who gradually through the play falls from grace. We are told how jealousy overcomes him so greatly that he murders his innocent lover, and how the resentful Iago seeks revenge on other characters in the play as he envies their positions of power and authority and uses lies, stealing and even murder to get revenge. We will write a custom essay sample on In What Ways Does The Character Of Othello Conform to Literary Tradition Of The Tragic Hero? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another theme explored in the play is racism. We know Othello has worked hard to overcome racial prejudices in society to reach such a point of great authority and respect, and this makes his story even more tragic because it wasn’t as if all that power and status was just given to him. It was his life’s work, it meant everything to him and then he lost it all. In literary tradition a tragic hero is a courageous person who has authority and power yet loses it all. The steps a tragic hero makes during his decline are entirely his own. Although influenced by another, the tragic hero always displays free will, and the decisions that lead to his demise are his own, which means that had he of been more careful his death could have been avoided. It was Othello’s fault because of his lack of trust in Desdemona, which resulted in the destruction of them both. Tragic heroes do not necessarily need to die; however they do in all the plays written by Shakespeare. If they do live, then they are destined to suffer moral destruction and lose sense of what is right and wrong, blinded by their feelings and the suffering that they have experienced. It is crucial that a tragic hero possesses many good personality traits, even if he is a bad person and has evil intentions such as Macbeth, but they must all have one fatal flaw. Othello had both greatness and weakness. However Othello possessed too much greatness, and was too successful, noble and too proud and couldn’t believe that he had ever been wrong. Once he lost his pride and dignity it was all over for him because he had nothing else. Othello is a successful soldier because he has overcome many dangers and is full of awe-inspiring stories of his courage, will- power, bravery and physical strength. He sounds completely dedicated to his work, and nothing seems to distract him from it as he is always completely focused on it. Every conversation he has he refers to it and we don’t know that he has any other interests. Even his relationship is dominated by his work. Desdemona is captivated by his heroic stories and is full of admiration towards him; in a sense it is his status and the excitement of his amazing adventures that she has fallen in love with, not Othello himself: ‘She’d come again, and with a greedy ear Devour up my discourse.’ Here Othello tells the nobles who have met to discuss battle plans, interrupted by Brabantio accusing Othello of using witchcraft to make Desdemona fall in love with him, that she started to fall in love with him when he told her the stories of the journeys he had made and the battles he had fought in. He describes her fascination with them. The word ‘greedy’ suggests she was suffering from a desire to hear more and ‘devour’ suggests that she was desperate to take as much of it in as possible. It could be said that the couple were always destined for sadness because they were not truly in love, just with each others’ image: ‘She loved me for the dangers I and passed, And I loved her, that she did pity them’ Othello is describing how he knew that she loved him for his experiences in life and courageous character, and that he loved her because she admired him so much. This is an example of how Othello is far too proud, as he loved her only because she was so full of praise for him. This makes me think that he won’t be a very good husband as he is too self absorbed, and it sounds as if he is far more concerned about himself than with his wife. Maybe winning her heart was just another achievement to him. Iago is overcome with envy when Othello is sent on an urgent military mission in Cyprus and he does not receive the promotion that he was intently waiting for. Instead the position of Lieutenant is given to a young Florentine soldier Cassio. In anger Iago seeks revenge on them both for professional and personal reasons. His revenge on Othello is targeted through his relationship with his wife: he wants to make Othello feel pain and emotional upset, by convincing him that his wife is seeing Cassio behind his back and likes him above Othello, and he believes will achieve this. He knows that Othello is always used to being the one who everyone admires and looks up too and that he always gets what he wants, and always seems to win, whether in work or love. Iago wants him to feel as if there is someone better than him and that he isn’t as good as he thinks he is. He plans to poison Othello against his innocent wife and frame Cassio by planting a handkerchief belonging to Desdemona in Cassio’s bedchamber. Iago is fraught with jealousy as he feels that he has worked hard to achieve what he wants, putting in time and effort, yet it has been Othello who has been rewarded, through what seems like little effort and pure luck. Iago is an evil force because he is ruthlessly interfering with their relationship, something which has nothing to do with him and it isn’t as if that will even make his situation any better or solve anything. It is pure revenge without any regard for their feelings. What is even worse is that during this he is acting as a friend to Othello, and it is far more painful to be struck by a friend than an enemy. Othello believes Iago is someone that he can trust and this is certainly not true. When Othello is told of Desdemona’s adultery, he seems instantly convinced that it is true, which shows that he doesn’t have much faith in her, or know her very well: ‘This fellows of exceeding honesty,’ He seems completely decided about her immediately and believes Iago without question. We know that he does not believe Iago because of insecurity or low self-esteem, so Othello and Desdemona’s relationship can never have been very good if he instantly believes Iago’s word over her. He suddenly seems completely against her and starts to focus on how maybe people had tried to warn him against her, and the reasons that it wouldn’t work out. He talks about both his race and age. Othello copes with this seemingly fatal blow by convincing himself that he hates Desdemona and she is a whore: ‘She’s gone: I am abused, and my relief Must be to loathe her.’ This puts a great deal of pressure on his pride, but to keep feeling good about himself Othello curses her, in a bid to convince himself that he is better off without her and deal with the situation. This actually shows him to have a very weak character despite his heroic image as he has to convince himself she is so terrible just to make himself feel good. In a way even at this point we could say that he is a tragic hero, as he does have some very apparent faults and we can foresee his demise. He has shown strength in body, but not in mind. Once he has been convinced of Desdemona’s guilt, Othello believes that everyone is mocking him and laughing at him behind his back: ‘A fixed figure for the time of scorn’. He thinks that he has been made a fool, by Desdemona who he now sees as calculating and deceptive: ‘Patience, though young and rose lipped cherubin, Ay, there look grim as hell!’ Here he is reflecting on the transformation that he feels Desdemona has made, from a pure, innocent heavenly creature of beauty to a fierce, evil, cunning whore. This is a contrast between good and evil, with the images of heaven and hell, which we could compare to the themes of good and evil in the play represented by Desdemona and Iago. The language at this time of the play moves very swiftly from positive to negative, as if we can feel the evil Iago has created gradually spreading everywhere. We can also see in the quote language which is very poetic, and a great use of metaphors such as how he refers to Desdemona as a ‘cherubin’ as she seemed so good and innocent. This is unusual for Othello as earlier in the play he scorns his own use of poetic language: ‘I prattle out of fashion†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (act2scene1) Here he is referring to his speech to Desdemona after their arrival in Cyprus, and is admitting to himself that he is usually a far more plain speaker without fancy language or poetic phrases. This would suggest that either Desdemona brings out a different more romantic side in him, or that he is playing a role in front of her to convince them both that he is a perfect lover as well as soldier. Now by using this poetic style language, which he scorned before, to convey his anger the audience are struck by the feeling that he has been encompassed by some kind of change, and it signifies the success of Iago’s plan. The final scene of Othello is constructed in such a way that speeches of dramatic eloquence are entwined with straightforward dialogue. Othello is now completely convinced that he must kill Desdemona, and he tries to justify himself by saying he is doing it for the good of other men. I think another flaw in Othello’s character is that his work, fighting as a hero for his people and killing enemies, is so much a part of even his everyday life, that he has become blinded by jealousy and in a kind of madness is suggesting that killing Desdemona has to be done as part of his duty. What really makes him a tragic hero is that he had led himself to believe that what he is about to do is correct, yet he still loves her and so he is confused. Othello talks about what he is going to do as if it is something that has to be done, as if he is putting an animal out of its misery: ‘It is the cause, it is the cause, my soul:’ He thinks that he is sacrificing her to an ideal rather than murdering her in vengeful hatred. A lot of emphasis is now placed on her beauty, especially the whiteness of her skin. Othello tells himself that he has to kill Desdemona, yet he does not want to ruin this beauty: ‘Yet I’ll not shed her blood, Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow.’ The whiteness of her skin described makes us think about her purity and innocence, and it is another contrast with colour, light things personifying goodness. This makes us think of the good and evil in the play again. He is trying to avoid marking her body as she is so pretty. Maybe he also does not want to damage her body because he is convinced that he is doing a good thing and helping her, and he doesn’t think that it needs to be a violent slaughter just a quiet sacrifice. He no longer thinks about his anger, but just wants to do what he considers has to be done. By believing what he is about to do is the right thing Othello is following the typical ‘fall’ of a tragic hero, acting on what he believes to be true and thinking that his actions are correct. Again we think of her purity and goodness when he talks about ‘putting out the light’ which personifies her as a light in reference to her life. He also refers to her as a rose, which shows that he is keen to compare her to things that appear to be nice, maybe because we know that he stills appreciates her beauty, or maybe because he see’s it as a disguise: ‘When I have plucked the rose, I cannot give it vital growth again.’ This is a euphemism for death. From the second line we know that Othello realises what he is about to do is irreversible: the words ‘vital growth’ mean that once he has plucked the rose (Desdemona) and taken her life, he cannot give it back again. This may show that he has given the murder some thought, but he certainly has not considered it rationally or thought about the consequences of his actions. It think that the way Othello is now using metaphors to describe everything it proves that he is not thinking clearly and that he is caught up in some kind of obsession, quite apart from reality. By never referring to it directly, it makes us think he is not looking at the whole situation in a sensible or wise way. By kissing Desdemona one last time, Othello shows that he is still drawn to her and loves her, yet he doesn’t want to believe it. It builds up a lot of tension for the audience because right until the last moment we are still wondering if he will reconsider and change his mind, as it is obvious there is still love there. He wants to remember her the way she was when he was in love with her, charming and beautiful and not betraying or cheating on him. It is obvious that he values perfection, and he would rather her be dead and beautiful than alive and hurting him and causing trouble. During this part of the play Othello has been so taken over by evil that, as an audience, we start to hate him and feel anger at his violence, jealousy and severe misjudgement of his wife. I think also we can recognise a certain naivety within his character, for trusting someone’s word enough to kill the person he cares for most in the world. In the final few minutes of the play when Othello is confronted with the reality of what he has done by the other men, he is full of remorse and can see that he has made a terrible mistake. He tries to remind them of the man of greatness that he once was: ‘I have done the state some service and they know’t’ Here he is remembering how noble he used to be and he is reminding them of what he has done for them all in his heroic past. Maybe he is also trying to reassure himself that he has been a good person in his life before now, and of the good things that he has achieved. He asks the men there to speak of him how he really is, and to talk about his behaviour the way it was: ‘Speak of me as I am: nothing extenuate, nor set down aught in malice.’ He is asking them not to excuse his actions, but not to talk of him brutally either. He wants them to tell the truth as they see or believe it, and to think about his reasons. This shows that he is trying to keep some dignity and that he values honesty in people, which suggests that still he is a good person. He describes himself as a person that does not usually get jealous, but was ‘wrought’ with it, and ‘perplexed in the extreme’. Again he uses poetic language to express how he feels: ‘Like the base Indian threw a pearl away’. Here he is using another metaphor, this time to describe how he just threw Desdemona’s life away and destroyed her, and how he was unaware of her true value and ignorant about the special person that she was. In the end all tragic heroes come to terms with what they have done, and realise that they have made terrible mistakes and have been acting without reason but on their emotions. Othello then takes the decision to end his own life, as he feels that he has been reduced to nothing and has lost everything he ever worked for. He has completely fallen from grace and meets the stereotyped image of a tragic hero perfectly as he goes from courageous hero to the disgraceful position of a murderer. He talks about himself as two people: ‘Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk, Beat a Venetian and traduced the state’ He sees himself as both an honourable soldier and a murderous lover, but he doesn’t want to live as what he has been reduced to. He can’t live with himself after realising what he has done and the full extent of his actions. He may kill himself because he feels that he deserves it for doing such a think, but I also think that his dignity plays a big part as he wants to retain some of that and his pride. He refers to himself as a ‘Turk’ in this passage, which of course his is, but he has always been recognised as part of the Venetian society, and never referred to as that. He is trying to make the point that he is their servant and enemy and will never truly be one of them because of his colour. By this we can tell that he truly has lost all his pride and self assurance, as he never made any statements about this before and always believed in himself and that he could succeed. It has all been the simple emotion of jealousy inside him that has caused the deaths of an innocent woman, a brave and noble man and a passionate love affair. I think that Othello is a true tragic hero because he goes from such a height of greatness to such shame and disgrace. He loses everything. He clearly makes his own decisions, even though he is greatly influenced by Iago. Then at the end of the play he recognises his mistakes and sees his fatal flaw: that he was too trusting of Iago and that jealousy blinded his love, and led him to become what he has. His character has changed – from the beginning of the play, where he is confident, proud and well-respected – to the end when he is remorseful, full of shame and looked down on in disgrace. However he has remained determined all the time to do what he believes, and has always been honest even though people haven’t been with him. The play evokes feelings of frustration and sadness: frustration at the ignorance of Othello about the characters around him, and sadness at the cost of his actions, and loss of an innocent life. Othello is completely in the tradition of a literary tragic hero and dies a victim of his own making. How to cite In What Ways Does The Character Of Othello Conform to Literary Tradition Of The Tragic Hero?, Papers

Startup Companies

Question: What isThe main competition that could be faced by the startup companies? Answer: Information Technology (IT) in Oman is a flourishing business that comprises of different types of services. In addition, due to the recent fall in oil prices, Oman has been encouraging its citizens to expand their business prospects and take up new ventures. Moreover, currently Oman has a booming market for IT industry as 95% of the population uses computers and advanced technology to conduct their daily business. In addition, evaluating the current situation opening Customer Support Services in Oman could be beneficial and profitable endeavor for any startup company. Furthermore, the customer support endeavor could uses limited capital input and provide a vast growth opportunity. Barringer (2012) suggested that business plan having low number of competition could help start-up business to increase their overall income in first year of inauguration. On the other hand, Mullins (2012) mentioned that without conducting effective research startup business could face difficulties and inc ur losses, which might result in their closure. Industry background During 2016, Omani citizens have used around 55 million Riyal worth of computer service and are future projected to increase in near future (Oman.org. 2016). Moreover, the Omani citizens have purchased around 175 million Riyal worth of computer software and hardware products in 2016 (Oman.org. 2016). These numbers mainly provide the booming market for IT industry, which is being developed in Oman. Furthermore, Mr. Abdul Al Hakim has an experience of 8 years in IT filed, which has helped him knowing in-depth knowledge about the overall changing environment for IT industry in Oman. Thus, Abdul Al Hakim after effective market analysis wants to open a customer support service in Oman. Blank (2013) stated that with the help of adequate market research companies are able to make effective decisions, which might help in increasing its overall return on investment. In addition, the company name suggested by Abdul Al Hakim was Al-Computer Support. Goals and potential of the business and milestones: he purpose of startup business is to provide effective services to Omani citizens and increase its customer base by increasing the number of subscribed users. Furthermore, the other business goal is to expand its operations in UAE.In addition, due to the limited number of customer service companies in Oman, the potential for the business success is relatively high. Moreover, the limited number of investment needed for starting the company is also reducing the overall risk. Furthermore, limited risk and huge business opportunity mainly increases validity of the business plan (Wentzensen and Wacholder 2013).Al-Computer Support mainly aims in providing services to 1000 customer at the end of first year. In addition, the company also aims in increasing its subscriber to 500 by the end of 1st year and 1500 by the end of 2nd year of its operations. Uniqueness of product or service The Customer Support Services will mainly help its customer that are facing problems with their computer. In addition, this service will be provided to both home and industry level customers, which currently has low service providers in Oman. Furthermore, Al-Computer Support will have packages ranging from one year to five years and executive offers to encourage customers for using their services (Blank 2013).These companies mainly have clients from different industries and neglect the overall rising demand from personal users in Oman. Thus, the overall competition level in home computer users in Oman is relatively low. Kwonget al. (2012) mentioned that increased competitive level could reduce the profit generation capacity of the company and hamper its growth prospects. Estimated market share: The main Customer service support industry in Oman mainly comprises of companies operating from overseas. In addition, with the help of high quality services and marketing exposure the new start-up company could effectively raise its overall market share. Wentzensen and Wacholder (2013) stated that with the help of effective pricing policy companies are able to increase their overall market share and in turn improve its revenue generation capacity. Marketing plan: Market strategysales and distribution: Implementation of effective marketing policy could mainly help the start-up company to maximize its customer reach and in turn increase its customer base. In this context, Jones and Penaluna (2013) mentioned that companies having exclusive marketing strategy with high quality services are mainly able to capture potential customers in their vicinity. On the other hand, Barrow et al. (2012) criticized that increased marketing exposure could raise administrative expenses of the company and might affect negatively its profit retention capacity. In addition, the marketing strategies that could be used by the start-up company are as follows. Increased quality of services: The marketing strategy for the start-up company is to provide high quality services to its customers. In addition, with the help of increased service quality and customer satisfaction level the company could enjoy the exposure of word of mouth advertisement. Furthermore, theses word of mount advertisement could help the company accumulate loyal customers and strength its financial stability. In this context, Weinstein et al. (2014) stated that companies now days have only one target to achieve high level of customer satisfaction, which enables them to raise their revenue generation capacity. On the other hand, Bothaand Robertson(2014)criticized that customer now days are more prone to low priced service, which reduce the need of having high customer satisfaction policy. Quick responses to problems: In addition, the startup company also aims in having a quick response team, which could deliver results in short time. This marketing policy could help attract customers working in MNCs and having tight schedule. Pricing policy: The startup company could mainly uses low pricing strategy to capture the required market share for achieving sustainable growth. In addition, the company could provide lucrative offers in its yearly subscriptions, which might increase the number of subscribers and maximize its overall profitability. Pfitzer et al. (2013) argued that adoption of low pricing strategy by Start-up Company might affect its cash reserve and reduce its capacity to achieve sustainable growth. Advertising and promotions plans: The advertising and promotional plans that could be used by the start-up company are as follows Increased social media exposure: With the help of social media, Start-up Company could effectively increase its reach to target customer and in turn raise its ability to make higher profits. Moreover, the social media advertisement could also help in attracting potential customers, which in turn might help in raising customer base of the company (Barrow et al. 2012). Using online advertisements: In addition, with the help of online advertisement the start-up company could effectively increase its customer research. Furthermore, as the company is related in computer business online advertisement could effectively help in reducing the overall expenditure of physical advertisements. Arranging works and seminars for industrial clients: In addition, the company could also arrange seminars and workshop for small business shower in Muscat that are facing problem with their compute. Moreover, with the help of seminar the companies could capture small business and in turn increase their customer base and revenue generation capacity (Wagemans et al. 2016). The main advantage of operating in Muscat is the population that it holds, which could be beneficial for the start-up company. In addition, the services that are being provided by the company could be effectively delivered to small business operating in Muscat. In this context, Feenstra (2014) stated that with the help of effective start-up location companies are able to maximize its overall profitability in its first year of operations. On the other hand, Wagemans et al. (2016) argued that during an economic crisis Start-up Company could faces problems even though the location is most appropriate for its operations. Moreover, Muscat being capital of Oman could effect ively help the new computer support business to flourish its operations and capture adequate market share. In addition, the new start-up company has effectively singled out the zone in which it could operate smoothly, which Muscat. Moreover, the company mainly focuses on small business and home pc users in Muscat. However, the software services of the company are provided over all over Oman, which in turn could help in increasing its overall sales. Field (2014) stated that start-up companies effectively conduct market research and start their operations in zones that could increase their revenue. Nevertheless, Tounes et al. (2014) criticized that due to intense competition, zones with adequate customer exposure could lose interest of startup companies. After recent fall in prices of crude oil, Oman has implemented different types of strategies to promote business, which does not deal with Crude oil. In addition, Oman has implemented 0% corporate tax rate for companies having a tot al profit of less than 30,000 Omani riyal (Pwc.com, 2016). In addition, the companies that have profits more than 30,000 Omani riyal has to pay only 12% as corporate tax (Pwc.com, 2016). However, companies dealing oil production are taxed 55% on their total profits (Pwc.com, 2016). In this context, Hiduke and Ryan (2013) stated that tax benefits and advantage mainly help startup companies to maintain the competitive level in the market, which in turn increases its growth prospects. On the other hand, Allison et al. (2014) criticizes that due to the increased tax advantage provide by some government competiveness of small business increases and reduce the overall profitability that could be generated by start-up companies. Being situated in Muscat the capital of Oman the start-up company could effectively enjoy adequate suppliers for its services. In addition, the company mainly sells services, which does not require high number of suppliers to support its activities. Furthermore, t he start-up company mainly requires internet and computer related supplier, which could be easily arranged in Muscat (Hiduke and Ryan 2013). In addition, the start-up company will accommodate a service van that could help in supporting customer visits. In addition, the access to transportation could effectively help the company in increasing its hardware service to small business and home pc users. In addition, the location of Start-up Company also helps in effectively reducing the transportation time for its workers. York and Danes (2014) stated that locations having easy of transportation could effectively improve its service timing and In an IT company management team must divided the operation into various structures which includes from administration to client end. For a start-up IT company the management must focus on the mission, vision and objectives. The mission must states what are the aims and goals of the company whereas the vision must state where the company wants to see itself in future (Bosun, Tenescu and Dima 2014). Based on the mission and vision a company must make strategic planning and work towards fulfillment of it. The legal structure of an IT company must first of all divided and further subdivide the entire operation of the company and delegate responsible person who will be accountable for all the functioning of the entire department. The main profile of an IT company is knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) in which various companies outsource their IT related activities to a IT firm (Hart, Taraba and Tomatk 2014). The organizational structure of IT Company must include human resource, administration, accounts and finance, operation and customer service. All the departments must be under the joint control of the board of directors who have been delegated authority by the owners of the company to look after the entire organization. Board of directors consists of a chairman who is the CEO of the company and three executive directors an d 2 independent directors. One of the independent director is the consultant and legal advisor of the company who is responsible for the legal compliance of the company. The members of board of directors must focus on the customers as they are the most important base of an IT company. Therefore, they must be given full satisfaction otherwise if they lose their client base then it will be difficult to survive. They must gain trust of their clients to retain them. Management must ensure that persons responsible for dealing clients must perform their job excellently to fulfill their needs. For a start-up IT Company it has to incur some of the initial start up cost like registration fees, legal expenses like preparation of MOA and AOA, preparation of feasibility studies etc. These costs are essential to bring the company into existence.Facility and Rent First of all start-up IT company must take a office at rent from where they will perform all the operation Utilities Expenditure on el ectricity, water and power are the cost of running a business. This are to be incurred from the very beginning from the time office is taken on rentSalaries Initially few employees will be appointed to run the business and they have to be paid salary for that so initial start up cost includes salary expenditure also (Shahi,Alipour and Feizi 2013). Equipment Initial Equipments and machinery has to be setup in the company to perform its activities. Like desktop, laptop, printers, fax machines and many more (Al Kindi,Al Lawati and Al Rawahi 2015). Supplies There are various things which is required to run a business and is only available from outside sources. So they have to enter into agreement with various vendors. Legal Compliance Initially registration of company, permission of government, pollution control and many more legal bindings are there for a start up. For that reason company have to incur some cost to abide various laws and regulation Marketing For an initial start up mar keting is very essential as they have to promote their company in order to absorb clients from market since clients are the base of any IT company. Cost control 'Al-Computer Support' must apply value chain analysis, value engineering and just in time to control its estimated cost if it is exceeding the budgeted. This way they will be able to cut down the prices of their service provides and absorb the market of Oman (Tan, Zhang and Liu 2013). First of all they must set a target price which will be the rate as per the industry rate in Oman then they must prepare a cost structure and estimate all the cost involved in this process. Target price minus profit margin is the target cost of the service provided and 'Al-Computer Support' must try to keep the estimated cost within the target cost. Budgeting Plans The must before the start of the operation prepare a budget for the entire year where expected revenue as well as cost are to be identified, which help in evaluating the overall profits that might be generated at the end of the fiscal year (Ratkowskiet al. 2016). As is a start up management must start with Zero Based Budgeting (ZBB), which the initial stage of budgeting in which the cost centre and principal budget factor is identified and functions of budget is defined. From the next year budget will be prepared based on this ZBB (Louis, Lys and Sun 2014). Then after 5 to 6 years again the budgeting process will start from zero based budgeting when the earlier assumptions will become useless. Various risk associated with a startup IT firm will be discussed under this section. Strategic Risk: It is the risk, which the company might fail to implement its strategy effectively and efficiently to achieve its objectives and goals. There can be many reasons behind it like powerful competit or enters into the market and customers shift to that company because they are providing better facilities and services. Hurdles can also come from monopoly suppliers who can hike the prices of their supplies. Strategic risk can lead to bankrupt of the company (Choi and Sias 2012). Therefore, failure in this case is referred to as strategic risk. Compliance Risk: It is the risk involved that the company is following all the relevant laws and regulation properly or not. Otherwise, government will ban their company (Gurin and Kilian 2014). In serious cases, compliance risk can affect the future of a company and become strategic risk. Operational risk: It is the risk associated with the operation of an IT company. When a company faces a failure in maintaining its day-to-day operation like server failure, system failure, machinery shut down and many more. These types of failure disrupt the entire operation of the company, which is very harmful (Scarbrough, Panourgias and Nandhakumar 201 5). Financial Risk: It is the risk involved with the financial standings of a company. If the company has takes a huge short-term loan and it is repayable within few days then it may be difficult for the company to run its daily operation since they have to use their funds in paying off its debts. Reputational Risk: There may be various types of company all over the world and even their level of functioning is very different. However, all the company is very much concerned about their reputation and goodwill. If their reputation is damaged then company will face loss of revenue and profit. In addition, if it so happens then employees will be willing to leave the organization and it will become difficult for the management to acquire new talent. Various barriers like geographically barriers, environmental barrier, like pollution control and water wastage, taxation and other duties. Government of a country can, if they want imposes such laws and regulation that it will become diffic ult for a company to continue its business. Companies might sometimes in order to comply with all the rules and regulation at the same time fail miserably and are then affected by compliance risk (Al-Mascati and Al-Badi 2016). They will also lose their customer base in the world. Sometimes operational risk have more impact on the strategic risk if proper backup has not been taken and entire data is lost due to disaster. Alternative course of Action Management of the IT Company always made some strategic planning to achieve their goals and objectives. However, it is not always possible to implement all the strategic planning successfully. There are various government rules and regulation, which an organization must abide in order to run their business (Al-Mascati and Al-Badi 2016). They will not be able to utilize their funds for the working capital purpose of the company. Therefore, an IT company must very cautiously deal with media and try to avoid the lime light since media is something, which can ruin the goodwill of a company (Oman.org. 2016). Sometimes operation risks are caused due to natural disasters like power cut, earthquake and accidental fire, which is not in the hands of human being. Transfer of Asset In todays world at the very beginning, venture capitalist tries to learn about the investment opportunities of a new start up by reading the business plan. Harvest strategy is widely known as the liquidity or exit strategy, which could help the startup business in its operations (Porwalet al. 2012). In addition, with the help of this strategy investors are provided with the chance, which help them make adequate investment decisions. Harvest strategy allows investors understand their repayment scheme. Before investing in a company, it is the right of all the equity investors to understand how much return they will receive their investment (Porwalet al. 2012). Normally the waiting period is 3 to 5 years, which depends upon the complexities of the company and the industry in which it belong. Generally, for an IT company the waiting time is 4 years as per the industry rules and regulation. Continuity of Business Strategy There are two methods of harvest strategy. First is Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and the second one is sale to another company. The business plan must clearly state the type of harvest strategy adopted by the new venture (Oman.org. 2016). In IPO the value of shares shows a drastic rise whereas in sale to another company the price is negotiable. In IPO the company goes public and is called a publicly traded company whereas in sale to another company it will be a private holding company (Gani 2015). In this business plan of Al-Computer Support, the Oman based IT firm it will adopt the first method of harvest strategy because in that case its value of shares will increase as well as it will be able to go public so that its shares can be listed on the stock exchange of Oman. Identity of successor Harvest strategy mainly ensures the lenders and shareholders of startup company that it has future plans to sell the shares in public through IPO or sale in to another company after the business have been developed by the management to some extent (Oman.org. 2016). The challenges faced by the management of the company is to run it rightly and show case a huge future prospects so that it becomes attractive in the eyes of other companies who are willing to acquire and prospective company. The non-accommodation of harvest strategy in business operations mainly indicate that owners of this company have a mentality to run it for an indefinite period (Al-Mascati and Al-Badi 2016). In such circumstances, the owners may provide them with extra benefits in terms of salary and other benefits that will be unfair for the outside investors, as they will not be providing equal benefit to all their stakeholders. In business plan milestones are used to mark important events. These points indicates t he main event in a project like starting point, completion of important tasks and finishing point of the project (Al-Mascati and Al-Badi 2016). It also estimate whether there is any need of external input or data for preparation of budget checks. Milestone does not tend to impact the project duration instead of that they focus on the main progress point of the project. However, it is able to add momentous value to the project scheduling. Deadlines and Milestones Furthermore, with the help of CPM, PERT and Program Evaluation effective Milestone stone for the startup company could be scheduled that gives an estimated time within which the project will be completed (Al-Mascati and Al-Badi 2016). It also indentifies the area which will require more time for completion and accordingly allocated the most effective and efficient resources to those areas. It identifies the critical path and evaluates the project cost based on that. After that, crashing is applied to reduce the estimated project cost (Kim 2012). It is used observe the progress of the project on a timely basis but there are many limitations of it also like it focuses on the critical activities only and ignore the non critical activities (Blank 2013). They tends to inform that project is just on schedule but is actual some of the activities are being ignored. It provides an opportunity to verify the health of the project. Reference: Al Kindi, M., Al Lawati, M. and Al Rawahi, H., 2015, March. The challenges of normative decision making in industries. In Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.Allison, T.H., McKenny, A.F. and Short, J.C., 2014. Entrepreneurial rhetoric and business plan funding, Communication and language analysis in the corporate world, 1(1), pp.21-35.Al-Mascati, H. and Al-Badi, A.H., 2016, March. Critical success factors affecting the adoption of cloud computing in oil and gas industry in Oman. In2016 3rd MEC International Conference on Big Data and Smart City (ICBDSC) (pp. 1-7). IEEE.Barringer, B. 2012. Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures, 2012.Barrow, C., Barrow, P. and Brown, R., 2012. The business plan workbook. Kogan Page Publishers.Blank, S., 2013. Why the lean start-up changes everything. Harvard business review, 91(5), pp.63-72.Bosun, P., Tenescu, A. and Dima, I.C., 2014. Informational stocks and e-logist ics management of a tourism company. International Letters of Social and HumanisBotha, M. and Robertson, C.L., 2014. Potential entrepreneurs' assessment of opportunities through the rendering of a business plan, South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 17(3), pp.249-265.Choi, N.Y. and Sias, R.W., 2012. Why does financial strength forecast stock returns? Evidence from subsequent demand by institutional investors.Review of Financial Studies, 25(5), pp.1550-1587.Feenstra, D., 2014. The Standout Business Plan: Make Irresistible-and Get the Funds You Need for Your Startup or Growing Business, Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 19(4), p.116.Field, R., 2014. Disciplined Entrepreneurship: 24 Steps to a Successful Startup by Bill Aulet: Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2013, 272 pp., $32.00, ISBN 978-1-118-69228-8, Journal of Business Finance Librarianship, 19(1), pp.83-86.Gani, A., 2015. Omans Entry to the World Trade Organisation, Trade Liberalisatio n and Trade Achievements. Atlantic Economic Journal, 43(1), pp.123-134.Gurin, C.B.P. and Kilian, L., 2014. Do High-Frequency Financial Data Help Forecast Oil Prices? The MIDAS Touch at Work.Hart, M., Taraba, P. and Tomatk, M., 2014, May. Drawing of layout documentation as the basis of logistics management system of a company literature review, new methodics, case study. In Advanced Logistics and Transport (ICALT), 2014 International Conference on (pp. 356-361). IEEE.Hiduke, G. and Ryan, J.D., 2013. Small business: an entrepreneur's business plan. Cengage Learning.Jones, C. and Penaluna, A., 2013. Moving beyond the business plan in enterprise education, Education+ Training, 55(8/9), pp.804-814.Kim, S.G., 2012. CPM schedule summarizing function of the beeline diagramming method. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 11(2), pp.367-374.Kwong, C.C., Thompson, P. and Cheung, C.W., 2012. The effectiveness of social business plan competitions in developing social and civic awareness and participation, Academy of Management Learning Education, 11(3), pp.324-348.Louis, H., Lys, T.Z. and Sun, A.X., 2014. Conservatism, analyst ability, and forecast error: evidence on financial statement users' ability to account for conservatism. Available at SSRN 1031981.Mullins, J. (2012). The new business road test: What entrepreneurs and executives should do before writing a business plan. Pearson UK.Pfitzer, M.,Bockstette, V. and Stamp, M., 2013. Innovating for shared value. Harvard Business Review, 91(9), pp.100-107.Porwal, V., Dave, B., Fernandez-Solis, J., Koskela, L.J. and Mehta, H.S., 2012. State of production plan reliabilitya case study from India. In 20th Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2012, San Diego, CA.Pwc.com 2016. Doing-Business-Guide-Oman. Available from: ttps://www.pwc.com/m1/en/tax / [Accessed on 18 Jul. 2016].Ratkowski, R.R., Peddineni, S., Sripadi, G. and Rao, T.V.R.N., Golub Capital, Llc, 2016. System and method for simulating discrete financial forecast calculations. U.S. Patent 9,298,686.Scarbrough, H., Panourgias, N.S. and Nandhakumar, J., 2015. Developing a Relational View of the Organizing Role of Objects: A study of the innovation process in computer games. Organization studies, 36(2), pp.197-220.Shahi, A., Alipour, H. and Feizi, M., 2013. Examining the Relative Importance of Social Capital Dimensions on Citizenship Behaviors of Moghan's Agro Industry Company Employees Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review.-2013, Vol. 2, No. 7. Sohar University.Tan, L., Zhang, W. and Liu, B., 2013. Forecast Management Based on Enterprise Financial Accounting Report. Management Engineering, (13), p.60.Tounes, A., Lassas-Clerc, N. and Fayolle, A., 2014. Perceived entrepreneurial competences tested by business plan pedagogies, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 21(4), pp.541-557.Wagemans, A., Witschge, T. and Deuze, M., 2016. Ideology as Resource i n Entrepreneurial Journalism: The French online news startup Mediapart, Journalism Practice, 10(2), pp.160-177.Weinstein, R.S., Lopez, A.M., Joseph, B.A., Erps, K.A., Holcomb, M., Barker, G.P. and Krupinski, E.A., (2014). Telemedicine, telehealth, and mobile health applications that work: opportunities and barriers, The American journal of medicine, 127(3), pp.183-187.Wentzensen, N. and Wacholder, S., 2013. From differences in means between cases and controls to risk stratification: a business plan for biomarker development, Cancer discovery, 3(2), pp.148-157.York, J.L. and Danes, J.E., 2014. Customer development, innovation, and decision-making biases in the lean startup, Journal of Small Business Strategy, 24(2), p.21.Oman.org. (2016). Oman: companies. Available from: https://www.oman.org/companie.htm [Accessed on 21 Jul. 2016].

Murder Without Text Amanda Cross an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Murder Without Text Amanda Cross "Murder Without a Text" is written by Amanda Cross, the pseudonym or pen name used by a mystery novel writer named Carolyn Gold Heibrun. Carolyn Gold Heibrun was an American academic and is well known to be a feminist writer. She was born on January 13, 1926 and died in October 9, 2003 after committing suicide, thinking that her life had already been completed. Need essay sample on ""Murder Without Text" Amanda Cross" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed In the short story, Murder Without Text, a murder case was filed against a seasoned feminist scholar. Allegedly, she bludgeoned a student to death. The murder in the story occurred during a highly controversial regarding women's studies senior thesis seminar. Debatable conversation occurred in the seminar wherein a certain early Christian history specialist named Professor Beatrice Sterling, was having a hard time in persuading the students or at least make them understand that researches, especially those which are academic, and canonical texts are very crucial and relevant. The attitudes of the students during the seminar were a bit amusing, especially because it was quite similar, in some extent, to real life situations. It was a bit funny for a decent teacher, specializing in canonical texts, to lose her temper during the seminar, thinking that the students were rude and that it was comparable to rape (Cross, 1992). The method used in solving the crime in this murder case was really amusing and quite intriguing. Solving crimes was possible and was done through the use of dialectics, or personal interviews with other characters, teachers and students. It is something unique as compared to the other murder novels written because the typically adventurous antics which involve a lot of movements and physical actions are not the main tool for solving the crimes or mysteries. It adds to a certain "reality" in the short story. Similarly, interrogations in real life situations are actually a good source of information as to solve a certain mystery, especially about a murder in a public place. As Nichols and Thompson states, the method of solving crimes in the novel includes detection with a curious mixture or certain combinations of intuition and a lot of logic (1998). Carolyn Gold Heibrun, famously known as Amanda Cross, really did a great job in putting or forging a lot of literary links and creativit y in the dialogues and interviews conducted to solve the murder mystery. The short story, Murder Without Text, feminism is a topic which cannot be missed. Amanda Cross' feminism creates a certain foreground of a tension that comes into view between the critiques of one generation to the other, of young students and older teachers or professors. Especially in the aspect of patriarchal masculinism like when the students would constantly talk about real sex-workers or even the real victims of botched abortions and homeless women. The students talking more about these topics seem to cause or give readers a feeling of creepiness. Teenagers nowadays often talk about computers or computer games. Things or topics which are somewhat serious or too technical especially politics and social issues are sometimes neglected. Furthermore, there is a certain difference or clash of opinions between the two generations or between the students and the teachers, especially in the aspect of self-reflexive articulation of the differences among women. The short story provides or shows these differences in forms such as generational, disciplinary and may also include methodological. This occurs not only between the students and the teachers but among the teachers as well. The mystery and intriguing plot, as to how the murder was committed was well told by the author. It is also interesting to imagine that teachers could resort to violence in dealing with their students. When Sterling mentioned that the young, or the students, were generally rude, I somewhat felt like arguing. True, the youth today seem to be a bit radical and really enthusiastic about things, but that's simply it and really rude. Sometimes, students or the youth could be insensitive or a bit selfish, but it is a fallacy to generalize that the youth are rude. The writer, Carolyn Gold Heibrun or Amanda Cross, is able to show that in life, influences of privilege plays an important role. Through the short story, a reader may somewhat realize that world could be unfair and that there may also be dangers even at school. Recapitulating the murder case filed against the teacher, it is a bit humorous to think that teachers, in real life, do kill their students, only figuratively. In some parts of the short story, the author tends to be fond of using quotations. As such, there are some instances wherein the author, Amanda Cross, would seem to force her be dragged in almost each and every scholarly citations (Paul, 1991). The short story is good, for it presents a new kind of solving mysteries. If I would be recommending a short story, then I would recommend Amanda Cross's "Murder Without Text", especially to those who love murder stories and fans of Sherlock. Furthermore, it would be really interesting if this short story, or the collection of Amanda Cross' short stories would be put or made to film. After reading the short story, I am convinced that mystery indeed is fascinating. Works Cited Cross, Amanda. Murder without Text. A Woman's Eye. Ed. Sara Paretsky. New York: Dell Publishing Incorporated, 1992. Nichols, Victoria, and Susan Thompson. Silk Stalkings: More Women Write of Murder. Lanham, Maryland, USA: Scarecrow Press, 2000. Paul, Robert S. Whatever Happened to Sherlock Holmes? Detective Fiction, Popular Theology, and Society. Carbondale, Illinois, USA: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991.

what an anmerican is to me essays

what an anmerican is to me essays Before every baseball game they play the national anthem for a reason and everyone one thinks about it in a different way. Everyone has there own impression what makes an American and what they think about when the song plays. People have good and bad thoughts, some even think it should nt be played and some say it should, its there own opinion. According to St. John De Crevecoeur an American is a countryman, which has liberty and joy in everything his or she does. They are good farmer, is a sober, peaceable, good citizen (Crevecoeur 548). They love everyone even if they are poorer then them. An American works but not to hard and has a family that he takes care of. He thinks that ethnicity has nothing to do whether he is a german, or European as long as he has a job and supports the family and loves the land and takes care of the land he is an American. Crevecoeur says we are the most perfect society now existing in the world (542). Frederick Jackson Turner know that the Indians were the first people here and other people improved it. We followed the European frontier, and through the dense population we lots of free land. Turner believed that an American is someone that cares about his or her land, money, freedom, and work. A steady frontier settlement advanced and carried with it individualism, democracy, and nationalism, and powerfully affected ( Turner 624 ). The land that they own expands has people move in and also it shapes them as a whole. My point of view of an American is a person that puts family and religion as number one and then the money and land. I think that family is the most important because if you dont have a family you really cant go far. You also need god in your life, he is everything. You really cant do anything with out his help and all the other things will come in place if you have christ in your life. The money and land is important bu ...

Jethro Tull and the Invention of the Seed Drill

Jethro Tull and the Invention of the Seed Drill A farmer, writer, and inventor, Jethro Tull was an instrumental figure in English agriculture, pushing to improve age-old agrarian practices by applying science and technology.   Early Life Born in 1674 to well-to-do parents, Tull grew up on the family’s Oxfordshire estate. After withdrawing from St. John’s College in Oxford, he moved to London, where he studied the pipe organ before becoming a law student. In 1699, Tull qualified as a barrister, toured Europe, and got married.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Relocating with his bride to the family farm, Tull eschewed law to work the land. Inspired by agrarian practices he saw in Europe - including pulverized soil around evenly spaced plants - Tull was determined to experiment at home.   The Seed Drill Jethro Tull invented the seed drill in 1701 as a way to plant more efficiently. Prior to his invention, sowing seeds was done by hand, by scattering them on the ground or placing them in the ground individually, such as with bean and pea seeds. Tull considered scattering wasteful because many seeds did not take root. His finished seed drill included a hopper to store the seed, a cylinder to move it, and a funnel to direct it. A plow at the front created the row, and a harrow at the back covered the seed with soil. It was the first agricultural machine with moving parts. It started as a one-man, one-row device, but later designs sowed seeds in three uniform rows, had wheels and were drawn by horses. Using wider spacing than previous practices allowed horses to draw the equipment and not step on the plants. Other Inventions Tull went on to make more â€Å"groundbreaking† inventions, literally. His horse-drawn hoe or hoe-plow dug up the soil, loosening it for planting while also pulling up unwanted weed roots. He mistakenly thought that the soil itself was the food for plants and that breaking it up allowed the plants to take it in better. The real reason that you loosen soil for planting is that the act allows more moisture and air to reach plant roots. Coinciding with his theory on the way plants fed, he also believed that you should till the soil while the plant is growing, not just during planting. His idea that plants grow better with tilled soil around them, though, is correct if not his theory on why. Tilling around plants reduces weeds competing with the crops, allowing the desired plants to grow better. Tull also improved designs of the plow.   These inventions were put to the test, and Tull’s farm thrived. Even spacing; less seed waste; better aeration per plant; and less weed growth all increased his yields. In 1731, the inventor and farmer published The New Horse Houghing Husbandry: Or, an Essay on the Principles of Tillage and Vegetation. His book was met with opposition in some quarters - especially his mistaken idea that manure didnt help plants - but eventually, his mechanical ideas and practices couldnt be denied to be useful and work well. Farming, thanks to Tull, had become a bit more rooted in science.

Healthcare for Multiple Sclerosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthcare for Multiple Sclerosis - Assignment Example The goals address quality, competitiveness, research, innovation and advancing the purpose of the organization. They reflect the values and vision of the organization. Their achievement is important in the battle against multiple sclerosis at the organizational and societal level. The first goal of Jackson Center for Multiple Sclerosis focuses on the indiscriminate delivery of quality healthcare. As a result, the organization shall develop a policy to serve everyone who seeks its services. This is an implementation strategy. The second alternative strategy involves the participation in established quality and customer delivery study. This is a competitive strategy that enables the organization to measure the quality of their healthcare and customer service (Kelkar, 2010). Lastly, the centre will need to develop an implementation strategy for evaluating the quality and fairness of its service. Customer feedback is the greatest measure of the quality of service provided by an organization (Thomas& Applegate, 2010). The second goal addresses the objective of the organization to be the best healthcare provider in multiple sclerosis. In order to achieve this goal, an adaptive strategy called vertical integration needs to be applied so as to reduce costs and enhance the competitiveness of the organization (Harrigan&Harrigan, 2003). Another adaptive strategy will be the automation of routine tasks to increase efficiency at the hospital. In addition, there will be a competitive strategy which involves attracting the best talent in the industry. The third goal states the aim to be a leading research centre for multiple sclerosis. Firstly, the centre will have to adopt a market entry strategy for developing its internal research capacity by raising the capital expenditure required and the ability of its staff to research. Secondly, it will collaborate with learning institutions, which is an adaptive strategy.  

The Ups and Downs of Pulleys Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Ups and Downs of Pulleys - Research Paper Example In a simple fixed pulley (Fig - 1), one end of the rope passing over the grooved disc is tied to the weight being lifted while its other end is free to be pulled down, thereby making an effort to lift the weight. An ideal rope and pulley system simplifies the work done in pulling the rope and lifting the load against the gravitational pull. It does this by the transmission of linear motive force of the pull at end, through the entire rope to the lifted load at the other end. There is no net force acting on the pulley system at equilibrium as the force on the pulley axle is equally distributed along the two arms of the rope passing through the pulley. When the system is in action, the energy conservation principle is followed, with the work done in lifting the load (weight times the distance through which it is lifted) is equal to the tension in the rope or in other words the force with which the load is lifted. Lesser the magnitude of the lifting force compared to the weight of the l ifted load greater is the mechanical advantage (MA) of pulleys, which is the ratio of the lifted weight to the force exerted for lifting. The most novel thing about pulleys is that they reverse the direction of the force, thereby minimizing the effort. Pulling something downward is easier being assisted by gravity. So, by tugging at the rope downward, the weight tied to the other end of the rope is easily lifted through the air by a simple fixed pulley. (Walker, 12) The second most fascinating aspect about pulleys is the force by which the load is being pulled is equal to the tension along each rope line. Hence, greater number of ropes makes weight lifting easier and effortless for pulleys as the net weight is divided among the total number of ropes running through the pulley. Adding multiple pulleys increases the number of rope lines for distributing the total lifted weight among them (Fig - 3), thereby increasing the mechanical advantage. (Mezzanotte, 14) MATERIALS AND METHODS: We categorized the pulley system into three types; the single fixed pulley, the single moveable pulley and the combined system of pulleys. We devised one sample of a fixed and a moveable single pulley and four compound pulley systems combining a fixed and a moveable pulley by ropes wound around them in different directions. (Figures - 1 to 7) In each case a weight (W) of 500 grams was tied to the end of the ropes passing over the disc grooves. First the lifting forces were compared for the fixed and the moveable single rope and pulley systems (Figures - 1 & 2) and the data was collected to be analyzed. The next level of comparison was extended for the compound pulleys (Figures - 3 to 7) and the collected data was correlated with the first set. RESULTS: The results for the single fixed and moveable pulley system are tabulated below: Pulley Type Lifted Weight (in grams) Weight equivalent to the exerted force Mechanical Advantage

Shakespeares linguistic choices Essay Example for Free

Shakespeares linguistic choices Essay How effective are Shakespeares linguistic choices in conveying the power struggle between Katherine and Petruchio?  This essay will study the text The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare. It is a play written in London in 1592 and published in 1623. The play is set during the Jacobean era (1420-1600). The purpose of the play is to entertain an audience. The secondary purpose may be to inform a modern audience about power and roles of men and women in the Jacobean era. During this period of time, a persons power was shown by the language they used, so the more quick-witted and articulate a person was in conversation the more social power they held. Shakespeare uses various linguistic features in conveying the power struggle between Katherine and Petruchio. Throughout the play Petruchio belittles Katherine and damages the face she presents of herself in an effort to tame the shrew. Kath. A joint-stool. Pet. Thou hast hit it. Come, sit on me. The face that Katherine presents is not that of a typical woman. She is very vituperative and unwilling to conform to societys expectations of marriage. And by using this sexual innuendo to counter her insult, Petruchio performs a face threatening act. He reminds her of his intent to marry her and the fact that to him, she is just another woman. The utterance Come, sit on me, is an imperative. By using this Petruchio is suggesting that he feels he has enough power over her to be able to order her around. This damages her positive face of self-image, but she counters this insult in an effort to preserve her face. Kath. No such jade as you, if me you mean. The noun jade refers to a worn out horse. This connotes he is infertile and thus insulting his manhood. This insult is also a face-threatening act as it damages Petruchios positive face. He thinks he is man enough to be the one to tame the shrew but by saying this Katherine is telling him he is not. Both characters use face threatening acts to attempt to gain power of the exchange. Petruchio also uses connotation to damage Katherines face. Pet. Alas, good Kate, I will not burden thee! For, knowing thee to be but young and light. The adjective light connotes sexual promiscuity again reminding her that he sees her as a woman he can easily woo contrasting with the strong women she sees herself as. The adjective young connotes that she is naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and therefore not able to match his wit, allowing Petruchio power over the exchange. Petruchio uses a pun to make fun of Katherine. Pet. For dainties are all Kates. The pun is on the word cates. These are a form of delicate food. This connotes the idea that Kate is delicate and lady-like. This riles Katherine as, as well as using the name that she does not like he is seeing her as the opposite she sees herself and by seeing through her faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade he knows how to gain power over her. The repetition of her name also serves to make fun of her. Pet. You lie in faith, for you are calld plain Kate, And bonny Kate, and sometimes Kate the curst; By repeating her name in these noun phrases he is showing he doesnt care that she does not like the name, and shows that her sharp tongue has no affect on him, allowing him to maintain the power between them, and eventually to tame the shrew. The repetition of her name also gives the utterance a steady rhythm which serves to make Petruchio seem more intelligent as he seems to have control of his speech and words. Katherine uses metaphor to insult Petruchios intelligence. Kath. Asses are made to bear and so are you. The ass is typically seen as a stupid animal so this noun is suggesting that he is stupid. The verb phrase to bear which means to carry something, connotes the idea that Petruchio is little more than muscle. This gives Katherine the power of the exchange as it is in fact Petruchios intelligence that makes them equal and by insulting this she is suggesting that he is inferior. She also reminds him of the fact that she is equal to him in intelligence and power. Kath. Too light for such a swain as you to catch. Katherine turns the adjective light around to connote that she is more quick-witted than Petruchio, whereas he had used it to say she was sexually promiscuous. This shows that they are of equal power and are able to feed off of each other to maintain the power balance. In contrast Petruchio tries to use compliments to break Katherine down. Pet. Say that she frown, Ill say she looks as clear as morning roses newly washd with dew. Say she be mute and will not speak a word, then Ill commend her volubility. The lexical fields of nature give the play a lexical cohesion. The noun nightingale and the phrase roses newly washd with dew are things that are generally seen as beautiful and by comparing Katherine to them, Petruchio is suggesting that she is also beautiful. This makes it seem as though he sees in her, things that nobody else can see and as he can see through her he can stay on her conversational level and maintain the power balance. The use of the infinitive verb in these sentences is a form of ellipsis. Say she be mute. This is another form of covert prestige as Petruchio uses non-standard forms whereas Katherina is expected to use standard forms and correct tenses. This again shows, according to Jacobean society men were more dominant than women and suggests Petruchio is confident that he will have power in the exchange.

Affirmative Action :: essays research papers

The first website, http://www.infoplease.com/spot/affirmative1.html, discussed the history and timeline of affirmative action. The first discussion of affirmative action was in Executive Order 10925 on March 6, 1961. President Johnson introduced this policy as a method of redressing discrimination that continued even with the civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees. Affirmative action was enforced for the first time on September 24, 1965. The focus of this policy was to make sure active measures were being taken to give blacks and other minorities the same opportunities for promotions, raises, scholarships, school admissions and financial aid that whites enjoyed. Initially, this policy was to be temporary until the playing field was level for all Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the late 70s, flaws of the policy were becoming evident in the course of its good intentions. Reverse discrimination was becoming an issue, such as the Bakke case. A medical school rejected Allan Bakke, a white male, two years in a row. The school had accepted less qualified minority applicants instead. They had a separate admissions policy for minorities, reserving 16 out of 100 places. The Supreme Court banned inflexible quota systems in connection with affirmative action programs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A backlash by angry white men began to mount against affirmative action. To conservatives, the system opened doors for jobs, promotions or education for minorities while shutting it for whites. Needless to say, the debate over affirmative action has grown more cloudy and difficult, as society has come to realize its complexity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second website, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/affirm.htm, discussed what affirmative action is. It was put into law three decades ago to give minorities and women special consideration in employment and education. Generally, goals and timetables are set within the institution for increased diversity. With today’s form of affirmative action, an admissions officer faced with two equally qualified applications can choose the minority over the white or a manager can hire a women instead of a man. These decisions are not to be made based on quotas, give preferential treatment to unqualified candidates, nor harm anyone due to reverse discrimination.

Westernisation’s Benefits

Everything has its two sides and Westernisation is not an exception. Although westernisation caused a lot of changes to a country, we can’t deny the benefits that it brought back for the humans’ development. First of all westernisation highlighted the turning point in the evolvement of human society. As a result, many transcendent inventions, which didn’t only help people to solve global problems as well as personal problems in life but they also created bases for further inventions, had appeared during the westernisation. In addition, westernisation was also regarded to a part of globalisation in which countries had chances to approach cultural beauty of the others. Firstly, westernisation is an axiomatic evidence of the breakthrough in the history of human development during the industrial revolution period. The labour’s productivity improved considerably because of the appearance of new machines with new technology. Before the industrial revolution in Britain, most of works were done by hand and therefore they took a lot of time, exertion to complete with low quality of products. However, when the industrial revolution began to outbreak with mechanisation of the textile industries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal, the face of world’s economy changed eternally. Specifically, machines have helped humans in working faster and producing better quality products. Industrial revolution marked milestone of the change in work mechanism: from manual labour towards machine-based manufacturing. We can say that westernisation created a base for the vigorous development in world’s economy currently. Moreover, westernisation in some developing countries has helped their residents approach to the new technology that they had never seen before. As an example, when televisions were imported in some developing countries such as: Vietnam, Laos, Cuba†¦, the people began to realize a new and smart tool that give them news about the world every day or just entertainment such as film or music. The consequential appearance of new technology during westernisation increased the humans’ perception about the world around them and knowledge also. Can people nowadays increase their understanding about everything in every aspect of life without the base of westernisation? Secondly, westernisation brought to humans many inventions that can help them to solve some key problems of the world as well as individual to boost the quality of life. The appearance of many high buildings shows the intelligence of people after westernisation because it is an evidence of how people use the space that Nature gave them. As the population of the world are increasing second by second, there will be one day when there is no land for people to live. The construction of building is not only a smart back up for the future but it is also a way in which people use their knowledge to utilize the natural resources. Not only that, with the development of technology, people also found vicarious energy for the fossil energy which will be depleted in near future such as wind, waves, sunlight†¦ Therefore, we can say that westernisation helped us in finding resolution for the global problems that threatened the world day by day. In addition, the westernisation also provides each individual solution for his/her daily problems that arise abruptly. For example, the invention Internet which seems to be an integral part of the information development solved problem about contacting between 2 individuals. Instead of sending a long letter which takes a lot of several days to another person, we can access to the internet and send an email with a short content wherever we are – that is really simple. People seemed to managed their times better than the past because they can do work faster and more effectively. That is just a discernible example in the innumerable benefits that westernisation brought to the humans. Finally, the westernisation was also a pre-globalisation which connects country to another to form a uniform world where the development increases unstoppably. Approaching to another country’s innovation is an inevitable result of this process. Most developed and holistic nations where every indicator of a developed country is over expected: European countries and the USA are sharing their innovation to developing countries in order to help those countries more developed and out of emergency group. They might send more of their professor to developing countries on the purpose of transferring technology and new invention in industry or agriculture. More students from the developing countries have more chances to catch up the modern education in US universities or European Universities. Those evidences show the basic definition of globalisation where many cultures are mixing in the same society, which creates the diversity in nationality and custom. Globalisation also makes the gap between poor countries and rich countries become smaller. Westernisation is a small part of that globalisation where all countries share their own culture to each other, learn from each other and develop together. It makes the world becomes united without the differences in skin colour, developed level†¦ Overall, the benefits that Westernisation brought back to the humans are uncountable. On the other hand, the disadvantages that it brought in the past couldn’t make the world developed in the worse direction and the best evidence for that is we are writing this essay in modern condition with air condition and bright light. Thanks for westernisation, we are living in the best condition and get benefited from the fantastic invention.

Qualifications Or Experience Essay

Qualifications should be given more importance than experience when recruiting staff. Agree or disagree? Recruiting the correct individual for the correct job position is a key factor influencing the productivity of the organization and its success. There are many arguments about the importance of qualifications over experience for job candidates in deciding who to hire. In my point of view, experience is a greater priority than qualifications since the latter is only raw theoretical information without the knowledge of practical application. My opinion can be explained clearly by the following example: if a person, without any swimming experience, would surf the internet and learn many swimming techniques and guidelines would you expect him to jump in the water and swim like an Olympic swimmer? (Chaplin, 2013) Firstly, experienced Workers have know-how of the job. Experienced professionals have the knowledge of what has to be done. This is because they have encountered the usual situations that the job would expose them to, and they know how to deal with them. Furthermore, they are equ ipped with the necessary skills for the job: they have the technical knowledge to use the necessary technology and equipment. In addition, they also have enough work hours to have sufficient knowledge of the work place culture . Secondly, For certain jobs it is essential for managing crises on day to day bases. In such a case, experience is critical. A highly experienced workforce would be better at handling new and pressing troubles. For instance, familiarity with solutions of meticulous scenarios would come naturally to skilled and experienced employees. Also workers that have prior experience would know how to strive under complex situations and would have the know-how to control the circumstances. Thirdly, Due to having an inexperienced workforce the organization would face many employee loyalty issues and as a result, a high labour turnover which in-turn increases recruitment expenditure which consumes a lot of time that could be used more productively elsewhere. Experienced employees have a tendency to stay with their organization for a larger time. This is so that they would have greater stability and to obtain their wish to achieve a high ranking position within the firm. To save on recruitment expenditures and  for efficient time management experienced workers would be  Fourthly, even without proper qualifications employees do get hired. This is due to the fact that large organizations do their own â€Å"on-the-job† training with new employees to increase their job productivity and efficiency significantly. The American Society for Training and Development (ASTD) informs that under $1500 for each worker was used up for training during 1996. The major fraction of that (49 percent) was used up for technical and expert training. This money could be used for investments rather than training. Besides, even if the employee does or does not possess the qualifications, he/she would undergo the training process to standardize the quality of job performance amongst the workers.   Lastly, experienced employees would bring a lot of knowledge and clientele from rival competitors. This would mean instant revenue for the organization. Moreover, they would be capable of meeting deadlines with greater efficiency and productivity because of their wealth of experience. Furthermore, the experienced employee would be more aware of methods that contribute to a higher customer satisfaction which makes them a worthy investment. Also, there are always quarrels between employees that reduce their focus on the job. This usually does not occur with experienced employees since they are generally more mature in the work place. (Howe and Howe, 2013) Nevertheless, in certain jobs and work environments, inexperience is considered a merit. Employees with low experience would not have hard-wired views established by prior incidents. This would make them ideal for employers who like to mold their workers’ thinking. One might object that, an inexperienced worker might break under pressure and fail in controlling the situation. It’s true that, inexperienced workers   work harder to make an impression using out of the box thinking and come up with distinctive methods to solve problems. However, they would not be efficient in their problem solving because they would not have the skills and experience to apply them. Admittedly, inexperienced workers tend to have smaller salaries this means that they are much less expensive compared to experienced workers. In contrast, the firm would eventually pay high training costs for those workers, which means that it would have been more time saving to employ experienced personnel in the first place. It would be further argued that, inexperienced workers tend to have fresh ideas. Alternatively, an inexperienced worker would take very long to come up with a suitable idea for the situation as he or she would not be familiar with scenario due to lack of experience. In conclusion, I would like to restate the points that show the dominance of experience over qualifications. Experienced workers have a greater know how of the task, they are more efficient and productive. They are better suited for crises situations since they have faced those scenarios previously. Also, they are more stable since they aim for a higher job position in the firm. Lastly, the high cost of the experienced worker would result in a lower cost in the long run since there is no need for training and they would most likely make less mistakes. These arguments show supremacy over qualification since there is added knowledge of practical application. It would be highly recommended to have a balance of both experienced and inexperienced workforce to acquire the advantages of both sides†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Howe and Howe, 2013) Howe, T. and Howe, T. 2013. TODAYS TOPIC – Inexperienced Employees Vs Experienced Employees. [online] Available at: http://wearethomas.wordpress.com/2013/03/24/todays-topic-inexperienced-employees-vs-experienced-employees/ [Accessed: 29 Apr 2014]. Ogunjimi, A. 2014. Advantages of Experience VS Inexperience in Jobs | eHow. [online] Available at: http://www.ehow.com/info_7746182_advantages-experience-vs-inexperience-jobs.html [Accessed: 29 Apr 2014] (Chaplin, 2013) Chaplin, G. 2013. Qualification Vs Experience. [online] Available at: http://garychaplin.com/2013/06/27/qualification-vs-experience/ [Accessed: 29 Apr 2014].

Creating Awesome Content Quickly With Neil Patel From Crazy Egg

Creating Awesome Content Quickly With Neil Patel From Crazy Egg Creating awesome content quickly is something that many of us aspire to do. Today we’re talking to Neil Patel. Neil is a New York Times author and was recognized by President Obama as a top-100 entrepreneur under the age of 30. He’s co-founded companies including Crazy Egg, Hello Bar, and KISSmetrics. Today we’re going to talk about being super-prolific. Sit back, relax, and get ready for a 20-minute class on content marketing! Information on what has led to Neil’s incredible success with content marketing. Thoughts on why Neil is able to create great content so quickly. Some of the most common mistakes Neil sees when it comes to content marketing. How Neil uses surveys and research to boost his success, what kinds of questions he asks, and what he does with the results. How Neil decides what kind of content to create. Neil’s best tip for marketers who want to create prolific content. Links and Resources: Neil Patel’s blog Crazy Egg Hello Bar KISSmetrics QuickSprout SurveyMonkeyIf you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Neil: If it makes people laugh or amuses them, you’re good to go, but sometimes it takes a lot to create content that really amuses.† â€Å"Go out there and do it. If you can’t figure out how to be motivated to make it part of your daily routine, you’re going to fail because that’s the easiest part.† â€Å"It isn’t just creation and promotion; it is process as well. I think that’s what a lot of people forget.†

Godwins Law

Godwins Law Godwin’s Law Godwin’s Law By Maeve Maddox Mike Godwin is an American attorney and author who formulated â€Å"Godwin’s Law† in 1990 when he made the following assertion: As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches 1. Note: In probability theory, an event is said to never happen when its probability is 0, and to always happen when its probability is 1. Godwin’s Law, also known as â€Å"Godwin’s Law of Nazi Analogies,† is applicable to threaded online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the OED: Godwin’s Law: noun. A facetious aphorism maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes inevitable that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis. Although coined to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of â€Å"the Nazi card† in other contexts, as in this account of Ted Cruz’s filibuster to delay a vote on the Affordable Care Act: In the course of the afternoon wegot some Nazi analogies, just proving that Godwin’s Law holds for filibusters as for online discussion. and in this blog: And it’s not only online discussions that prove Godwin’s Law, I remember sitting at lunch with a construction crew when one of the carpenters brought up my work in the pro-life movement: â€Å"Yep, tea-baggers are always telling people how to live, just like the Nazis.† Clashdaily A complaint by many forum users is that the so-called law is stifling discussion. One commenter invokes a Nazi analogy and another crows, â€Å"You said Hitler, so I win!† At that point, the discussion ends. The term has spawned a verb, â€Å"to Godwin,† as in, â€Å"You Godwined this discussion!† The invocation of Godwin’s Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here are some complaints voiced by forum users: It seems like Godwins law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, Nazis, or the Holocaust are brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is derided. This wouldnt be a problem if it was just people injecting these things into seemingly unrelated topics, but people invoke Godwins law even when the Hitler/Nazi/Holocaust mention is relevant to the topic at hand. forum user Before I get started Im aware that originally â€Å"Godwins Law† didnt carry the now common meaning of You said Hitler, So I Win! that so many people seem to think it means. forum user Nazism is a cultural meme that encapsulates not just the notion of political authoritarianism, but of the worst possible human behavior towards other human beings. Note: In a theory of mental content called memetics, a meme is analogous to a gene in the theory of evolution. A meme represents a unit of culture (idea, belief, pattern of behavior) that travels from mind to mind. Perhaps Nazi analogies are best reserved for discussions of the dehumanization and inhumane treatment of large numbers of human beings. If the intention is to compare one form of authoritarianism to another, without the connotation of racism or genocide, perhaps one of the following word choices would meet the need: fascism: any form of right-wing authoritarianism. totalitarianism: Totalitarian theory and practice; the advocacy of totalitarian government. Also loosely, authoritarianism dictatorship: A system of government by the absolute rule of a single individual; despotism: The rule of a despot; despotic government; the exercise of absolute authority. autocracy: (A system of) government by one person with absolute power; a state, society, etc. governed in this way. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid"Latter," not "Ladder"20 Ways to Laugh

THE LOST BEAUTIFULNESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

THE LOST BEAUTIFULNESS - Essay Example On the other hand, I utterly dislike the characters of Jake Safransky, Hanneh’s husband, and Benjamin Rosenblatt, the landlord. Hanneh’s husband is a grouch who only thinks of their material condition and refuses to appreciate the beauty that his wife is offering to him. He also persistently dampens Hanneh’s enthusiasm, but fortunately Hanneh does not give in to his discouraging words. But the most appalling character in the story is the landlord, Mr. Rosenblatt. He is an unjust, greedy, uncaring, and wicked person. He is a classic epitome of a voracious capitalist during that period. The story fosters a strong connection with its audience. I, for one, felt the gravity of the injustice imposed on Hanneh. I felt how her efforts, dreams, and created beauty were crushed by the greediness of one man. The story already has a ‘universal appeal’ for it tackles issues that people all over the world experience, such as poverty, injustice, indifference, and hopelessness. And, more importantly, the story engages its audience to a realm of beauty, which no one could say no